In a nutshell

This project set out to determine the environmental flow requirements (e-flows) of the Limpopo River basin in southern Africa. E-flows are the amounts of flow in a river that are required at different times of the year to maintain the river ecosystem so that it can in turn support the livelihoods and economies that are associated with the river. The project was unique in that it not only determined the river discharge (flow) that is required to keep the river in its present ecological condition or better, but it also established the risk of failure of the many ecosystem services historically enjoyed by communities living in contact with the river. It was also unique in integrating the contributions of groundwater to the e-flows, necessary because so much of the Limpopo is seasonally dry and relies on the presence of groundwater.

This website presents an overview as well as links to the eight reports that make up this e-flows determination.


Chris Dickens – Project Lead from IWMI
Gordon O’Brien – E-flow lead from Rivers of Life

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